Softball positions, explained

The big picture

In fastpitch softball the defense puts nine players on the field in standard rules: a pitcher, a catcher, four infielders and three outfielders. Slowpitch often uses a tenth fielder, commonly an extra outfielder or rover, but that varies by league. Each position has a job on every pitch, even when the ball is nowhere near you. For the full rules of the game, see softball rules for beginners.

The battery: pitcher and catcher

Pitcher

The pitcher throws underhand from the pitcher's circle, and starts every play. In fastpitch, the pitcher also fields bunts and comebackers, and covers bases and home plate when needed. Pitching is physically demanding and technical, so young pitchers are usually brought along slowly with good coaching.

Catcher

The catcher crouches behind home plate, receives pitches, blocks balls in the dirt and throws to bases on steals. The catcher faces the whole field and often helps call pitches and direct teammates. Full protective gear is essential at this position.

The infield

First base

Catches throws to record outs at first and holds runners on. This player stretches for throws, so reach and footwork matter.

Second base

Covers the area between first and second. Often turns double plays and backs up throws.

Shortstop

Plays between second and third, usually with the most ground to cover. Needs quick reactions and a strong, accurate arm.

Third base

Guards the line on the left side of the infield. Fields hard-hit balls and bunts, and makes the long throw across to first.

The outfield

• Left field: covers the left side of the outfield and backs up third base.
• Center field: covers the most ground and usually takes charge on balls hit between outfielders.
• Right field: covers the right side and backs up first base on throws.

Outfielders are the last line of defense. They need to read the ball off the bat, call for fly balls loudly and throw to the right base.

Special roles you may hear about

• Designated player (DP): a player who bats but does not play defense. Many rule sets allow one, though the exact rules vary.
• Flex: a related role paired with the designated player in some rule sets, where a player may play defense while the DP bats. Ask your league how it works.
• Utility player: a player comfortable at several positions.
• Courtesy runner: a substitute runner allowed in some leagues, often for the pitcher or catcher.

Choosing a position as a beginner

Most young players try several spots. That is a good thing. Playing different positions helps a child learn the whole game and discover what they enjoy. Coaches often look at throwing arm, comfort fielding ground balls, willingness to talk and focus, but interests matter too. Some children love the action of the infield, while others prefer reading fly balls in the outfield.

Teamwork across positions

Softball positions are not islands. The shortstop and second baseman talk about who covers second on a steal. The outfielders call for fly balls so two players do not collide. The catcher and pitcher agree on what to throw. Young players learn a lot just by watching and listening to these small conversations, so encourage your child to speak up, point out where the runners are, and cheer for teammates. A loud, friendly team is usually a team that is paying attention.

What every player does on every pitch

1. Know the number of outs and where the runners are.
2. Decide before the pitch where you would throw the ball if it came to you.
3. Get into a ready position with knees bent and glove out front.
4. Move to cover or back up a base once the ball is in play.

Some terms here may be new. Look them up in softball terms for new parents, and see what a beginner needs to wear in the youth softball equipment checklist.